A quick review - And All For Love
I got to go see this show for the matinee last Saturday. Is it still playing? If it is, go.
And All For Love
By Alison Lawrence, Directed by Daryl Cloran, National Arts Centre Studio
And All For Love is a fairly straightforward, elegantly written play set in a theatre company during the Restoration. All the characters are historical - Elizabeth Barry, one of the first great actresses; Winifred Gosnell, who started out as a hired companion for Samuel Pepys's wife and then took to the stage: Samuel Pepys himself; Edward Kynaston, one of the last of the ‘boy actors;' the Earl of Rochester; and Thomas Otway, the failed actor who wrote plays for Barry to act in. The story is essentially about the presumed friendship between Barry and Gosnell, both members of the Duke's Company in the late 17th century. Gosnell leaves the household of Samuel Pepys for an acting career in Davenant's company, where Elizabeth Barry worked, having been taken in by the manager when her family lost its money. Barry desperately wants to act, but she's terrible. On a bet, the Earl of Rochester decides to pull a Pygmalion with her, and turn her into an actress. Apparently, it worked: she went on to become a star, and eventually a founding shareholder of the company when it went independent.
The play speculates about the motives and relationships of all these characters - were the two women friends? What did it do to their friendship to have one's career take off dramatically while the other faded into obscurity? Why was Gosnell at first so popular, and later so unregarded (the evidence we have for her decline in popularity is taken from Pepys's diary, in which she has a few mentions)? What kind of motives drove actors in a time and place where actors were hardly the glamorized creatures they are now? This is a play about theatre, on some levels, or perhaps an affectionate love letter to acting. It also plays on a lot of the things that make Restoration theatre fascinating and fun - the language and wit of the time in particular, and the changing nature of the stage. The great speculation possible about the first women actors in English theatre, and the reactions of society to them, underlies the story. Women stepping into women's roles gave an additional touch of realism to the theatre, and some of the effects of that on acting styles is touched on in this play as well, as Elizabeth hits just the right balance of artifice and verisimilitude, and Winifred sees her career collapse because of her attempts to enter into the part.
There are transformations for every character. If someone says something in the beginning of the play, it is reversed by the end, in a subtle structure that seems completely natural. Winifred, dressed in silk, assures Elizabeth that of course it doesn't feel real when you're on stage, you're playing a part - but by the end it's Elizabeth desperately trying to get Winifred to act rather than to feel. Elizabeth starts out completely star-struck by the romance of the theatre, and she becomes a master of its heartless business side. Elizabeth and Winifred start out laughing over the way that male actors play women, but Elizabeth turns to a man to teach her how to walk and speak as a stage woman. Winifred's first success is due not so much, it seems, to her talent, as to the novelty of a woman being on stage, while Elizabeth, coming later, has to work at the craft of acting. Winifred's initial practicality about acting becomes an ideological theory of making it ‘real', while Elizabeth's initial wide-eyed innocence turns to hard-nosed business sense. And even the play's heart, Edward, starts by saying "This company is a family," and ends by leaving Winifred to her fate, saying, "I have to look after myself' - although the last scene belies him. It would have to. Leaving Edward unredeemed would have been a terrible way to end the play.
In an inversion of the play's basic plot element, the legalization of women actors, all the men are played by one actor, Michael Spencer-Davis, who does it with a quite virtuosic skill in changing mannerisms, tone, voice, and even apparent height. I caught myself forgetting that they were all the same actor. This quietly breaks the illusion, playing with the idea of fiction, theatre, and reality - in talking about a time when women added a level of believability to theatre, it is the male character who plays with believability by switching roles, sometimes not quite during the scene changes. Edward Kynaston was known in reality for his ability to play both men and women, sometimes playing characters of both sexes in the same production. Here, he is played by a man who also plays Samuel Pepys, Rochester, and Thomas Otway. And he does it in such a way that you catch him changing wigs, and roles, during the scene changes - a bewigged Samuel Pepys will be sitting at a desk as the lights go down, and as they come up, Kynaston is setting the wig he just took off on a stand and rumpling his own short hair. At one point he even is shoved, protesting, out one door as Thomas Otway, and enters at the other side of the stage as Rochester, while Thomas's voice still pleads from behind the closed door. The fact that I forgot how impossible it was for one actor to be in two places says a lot about Spencer-Davis's acting, and about the stage direction that allowed the illusion. (I also loved the set design, which allowed a raised stage to be both the backstage and the boards, and which was also painted and shaped to give the impression of the weirdly distorted perspective of a 17th-century painting.)
Spencer-Davis was just one actor, though, in a three-person cast that was astonishing and solid. The two women, played by Kelly Macintosh (Winifred) and Helen Taylor (Elizabeth) were equally impressive, playing all the different shades of acting, shifting from comically bad to slightly artificial but passionately voiced on Taylor's part, with Macintosh subtly shading the change in her acting as she begins to believe that acting should be real, and realistic, and stops trying to project or exaggerate (while still managing to project and exaggerate enough to be heard and seen in the real-life theatre.) Meanwhile, they both managed, as Elizabeth and Winifred, to age and go through the development of an extremely complex relationship.
A few people, in writing the program notes, said that And All For Love is a play about women's relationships and friendships. It looks at how women can love and respect each other even while using and betraying each other, and at the end of the play all the men but the sexually ambiguous Edward have vanished, died or disappeared, leaving the women in the world they have made. It also seems to be about the friendships of the theatre, which are strange and convoluted. Actors are outsiders, and have to form their own communities and alliances in a world that doesn't easily cross over into the rest of society, it seems to say, and the fun of this play is partly that it lets the audience have a sense of the love that drives people to become those outsiders. The tense, fraught, difficult relationship between Winifred and Elizabeth is emblematic of that: a relationship that is forged by the community of the acting company, and that in a way represents it.
Posted by Kathryn Hunt
at 9:49 PM EDT